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Buffrénil, Vivian De; Schoevaert, Damien
(detail)
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1989 |
Données quantitatives et observations histologiques sur la pachyostose du squelette du dugong, Dugong dugon (Müller) (Sirenia, Dugongidae).
Canad. Jour. Zool.
67: 2107-2119. 2 tabs. 18 figs.
–Engl. summ. Examination of bone samples from various parts of the dugong skeleton showed that the increased bone volume is due to hyperostosis of the periosteal cortices, whereas the increased bone density is due to greater compactness and mineralization of the tissue. These effects are localized in the head and thorax. The increased compactness is due mainly to decrease of osteoclastic bone resorption and to endosteal deposits which fill the medullary regions. Possible endocrine controls on these processes are discussed. Pachyostosis in the dugong is considered adaptive rather than pathological.
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Domning, Daryl Paul; Buffrénil, Vivian de
(detail)
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1991 |
Hydrostasis in the Sirenia: quantitative data and functional interpretations.
Mar. Mamm. Sci.
7(4): 331-368. 5 tabs. 18 figs. Oct. 1991.
–Analyzes the distribution of skeletal mass in T. m. latirostris and the positions of the centers of gravity and buoyancy in T. inunguis, concluding that increased volume and density of bones (= "pachyosteosclerosis", a term introduced here) do indeed serve in sirs. as ballast to maintain horizontal trim and neutral buoyancy. The design and position of the lungs also seem to serve this purpose. Selection for maintenance of trim and maximization of turning moments of the flippers may help account, respectively, for loss of hind limbs and shortening of the neck. The gross anatomy of a sir. (T. inunguis) is illustrated in serial cross sections for the first time. Summarizes the distribution of pachyosteosclerosis in various fossil sirs., and concludes that this condition is fully adaptive and in no sense "pathological".
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Ricqlès, Armand De; Buffrénil, Vivian de
(detail)
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1995 |
Sur la présence de pachyostéosclérose chez la rhytine de Steller [Rhytina (Hydrodamalis) gigas], sirénien récent éteint.
Ann. Sci. Nat., Zool.
(Paris)
(13)16(2): 47-53. 1 pl.
–French summ. Describes the histology of bone in H. gigas as seen in two thin sections at the University of California Museum of Paleontology (Berkeley) made by C. L. Camp, and shows that this is indistinguishable from the pachyosteosclerosis seen in other sir. bone. (At least one of the sections, UCMP 23031, is from a periotic bone of H. gigas.)
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Dumont, Maitena; Laurin, Michel; Jacques, Florian; Pellé, Eric; Dabin, Willy; Buffrénil, Vivian de
(detail)
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2013 |
Inner architecture of vertebral centra in terrestrial and aquatic mammals: a two-dimensional comparative study.
Jour. Morphol.
274(5): 570-584. Illus. + online supporting information. DOI: 10.1002/jmor.20122 May 2013 (publ. online Feb. 8, 2013).
–ABSTRACT: Inner vertebral architecture is poorly known, except in human and laboratory animals. In order to document this topic at a broad comparative level, a 2D-histomorphometric study of vertebral centra was conducted in a sample of 98 therian mammal species, spanning most of the size range and representing the main locomotor adaptations known in therian taxa. Eleven variables relative to the development and geometry of trabecular networks were extracted from CT scan mid-sagittal sections. Phylogeny-informed statistical tests were used to reveal the respective influences of phylogeny, size, and locomotion adaptations on mammalian vertebral structure. The use of random taxon reshuffling and squared change parsimony reveals that 9 of the 11 characteristics (the two exceptions are total sectional area and structural polarization) contain a phylogenetic signal. Linear discriminant analyses suggest that the sampled taxa can be arranged into three categories with respect to locomotion mode: a) terrestrial + flying + digging + amphibious forms, b) coastal oscillatory aquatic taxa, and c) pelagic oscillatory aquatic forms represented by oceanic cetaceans. Pairwise comparison tests and linear regressions show that, when specific size increases, the length of trabecular network (Tt.Tb.Le), as well as trabecular proliferation in total sections (Pr.Tb.Tt), increase with positive allometry. This process occurs in all locomotion categories but is particularly pronounced in pelagic oscillators. Conversely, mean trabecular width has a lesser increase with size in pelagic oscillators. Trabecular orientation is not influenced by size. All tests were corrected for multiple testing. By using six structural variables or indices, locomotion mode can be predicted with a 97.4% success rate for terrestrial forms, 66.7% for coastal oscillatory, and 81.3% for pelagic oscillatory. The possible functional meaning of these results and their potential use for paleobiological inference of locomotion in extinct taxa are discussed.
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Bibliography and Index of the Sirenia and Desmostylia 